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And There is None Beside & Fauré’s Requiem

Christ Church Music on August 9, 2021

And There is None Beside (Canto I)

Mark Reagan
Douglas Wilson (text)

Speak gentle words and glorious comfort comes 
so comfort all the wretched people here
your God has spoken all these words of grace 
speak peace and comfort to Jerusalem
and call down comfort on her bended head.

what shall I speak? 
what can I know? 
though comfort strains to speak.

Her warfare done, and all her battles past 
iniquities are pardoned fully now
for she receives from God’s own righteous hand 
a double wage for all her crimson sins
and now her war is peace complete and full.


The voice of one who cries out in the wild
prepare the way so that the Lord might come
make straight a highway for our savior God
across the desert, come prepare the way
a voice that calls, that in the desert cries.

the Tishbite comes 
with water comes 
to cleanse and wash the dead.

 

And every valley shall be lifted up
and every mountain, every hill brought low
the crooked straight, the rough place plain 
our mountainous pride is humbled here
the lowly stand when their salvation comes.

The glory of the Lord shall be revealed
all mortal flesh shall see it when it comes
for now the mouth of God has spoken it 
and eyes will see what eyes cannot behold
the glory of the Lord shone round about.

A voice said, cry—what can a mortal cry?
all flesh is grass, and like the meadow flowers
the grass dries up, the flower fades away
all men are grass, like grass they brown and die
in this dry wind, the spirit of the Lord.

obey the voice 
and hear a plaintive cry 
the way of flesh 
is withered brown.

The grass turns brown, the flower fades away
the words of God are ever lush and green 
and this good news is Zion’s living hope 
for God is life and all His words alive 
but all created plants are withered through. 

O Zion’s voice, you bring the great, good news 
so get yourself up to the sloping hills 
lift up your voice in living, rolling strength 
ascend the mountains with no craven fear 
and Judah’s cities all will heed the word.

can withered grass 
bear this good news? 
and cities live
where cities died?


Requiem – Gabriel Fauré (1845–1924)

I. INTROIT

Grant them eternal rest, O Lord, and let perpetual light shine upon them.

A hymn belong to You, O God, in Zion: and to You the vow shall be fulfilled in Jerusalem.

Hear my prayer: all flesh shall come to You

Lord have mercy.
Christ have mercy.
Lord have mercy.

II. OFFERTORY

O Jesus Christ, King of Glory, deliver the departed souls from infernal pains, and from the deep pit;

O Jesus Christ, King of Glory, deliver the departed souls from the lion’s jaws, that hell may not swallow them up… lest they fall int oddarkness.

We offer You, Lord, sacrifices of praise and prayers:

Receive them for those we remember today:

Allow them, O Lord, to pass from death to life, which once Your promised to Abraham and to his seed.

III. SANCTUS

Holy, holy, holy,
Lord God of hosts.
Heaven and earth are full of Your glory.
Hosanna in the highest.

IV. PIE JESU

Merciful Lord Jesus, grant them rest.

V. AGNUS DEI

Lamb of God, who takes away the sins of the world, grant them rest…

Lamb of God, who takes away the sins of the world, grant them eternal rest.

May eternal light shine upon them, O Lord, wi Your saints forevermore: for You are gracious.

Grant them eternal rest, O Lord, and let perpetual light shine upon them.

VI. LIBERA ME

Rescue me, O Lord, from eternal death on that dreadful day:
When the heavens and the earth shall be moved,
When You come to judge the world by fire.

I am made to tremble and fear until the Judgement and the coming wrath.

That day, the day of wrath, calamity and misery, great day and exceeding bitter.
Grant them eternal rest, O Lord, and let perpetual light shine upon them.

VII. IN PARADISUM

May the angels lead you to Paradise;
May the martyrs welcome toor coming and lead you to the Holy City of Jerusalem.
May the Angelic choirs receive you;
And with Lazarus, who was once a beggar, have eternal rest.

Program Notes

This concert is in error, at least by Protestant standards. Gabriel Fauré was a catholic composer, in the marginally catholic country of France, so it comes as no surprise when things like prayers for the dead sneak into his Requiem (The sacrifice of praise and prayers we offer, Lord, receive them on the behalf of those we today remember). Nevertheless, Fauré has given us something unique even by catholic liturgical-musical standards. Many famous composers have set the Requiem text (the Mass for the Dead), often with dramatic spectacle. The centerpiece of the Requiem mass is the Dies irae (Day of Wrath), a liturgical song that provided fodder for the musical imagination of many composers. Its fiery text was matched with equally infernal music, and in the 19th century its tune was quoted with some regularity even in secular music. Most famous is probably the “Witch’s Sabbath” scene in Berlioz’s Symphonie Fantastique. 

But the show-stopping Dies irae moment in the requiems of other composers (on YouTube enter search terms “Verdi Requiem bass drum”—you’ll get the picture) doesn’t even appear in Fauré’s Requiem, at least not in full force. It’s touched upon but twice: once in the prayer Libera me and again in the lyrical Pie Jesu. This second reference extracts the last and mildest of the song’s fifty-seven lines: “Merciful Lord Jesus, grant them rest.”

Fauré’s Requiem is a rather significant departure from other famous settings. Not only is his Requiem much shorter—35 minutes compared to Mozart’s 50 or Verdi’s 90 minutes—but Fauré’s is free of the anxieties of hell fire and is instead fixed on the comfort of eternal rest in the presence of God. It is difficult to say what Fauré personally believed (his frequent womanizing isn’t a credit to his faith) but the ethos of his Requiem is consistent with the faithful preaching of the Gospel: “blessed are they that die in the Lord.” His setting of the song In paradisum, which closes the work, leaves no doubt as to his focus on eternal rest in the New Jerusalem.

Counterpart to the Requiem, And There Is None Beside, Canto I, was actually the first of the two works to be programmed in this evening’s concert. Wilson’s entire poem, a paraphrase of Isaiah 40-48, touches on several biblical themes including the temporality of human flesh contrasted with the enduring nature of the Word of God. Canto I paraphrases Isaiah 40:1-9. The phrase all flesh is grass (Isaiah 40:6) is as reminiscent of a Requiem as any in Scripture, and the conclusion of Canto I—can withered grass/ bear this good news?/ and cities live/ where cities died?—leaves life and death in the balance. 

The two works not only share religious themes, but they share the same keys of F major (Agnus dei) and d minor (Introit, Libera me). They also share the same instrumentation—a mellow combination of bassoons, trumpets, horns, timpani, harp, low strings (violin is reserved for solo passages) and organ—an ensemble Fauré conceived as befitting funeral music.

But far from being a funeral piece, Canto I develops other happier themes: comforting God’s suffering people (also present in the Fauré), truth proclaimed in the dead places (John the Baptist/Elijah preaching in the wilderness), and God’s earth-quaking justice (flattening out rough spots, humbling the proud). The soprano, mezzo-soprano, and baritone soloists are the main vehicle for proclaiming the words of Isaiah’s prophesy. They are answered by the chorus, who, as in Greek drama, speak virtue into the situation. They react, question, comment, and even laugh at what the prophet says, always clinging to the ancient truths they’ve received.

This canto is set in four sections. First, “Speak Gentle Words” is a serene, somewhat atmospheric description of the Isaiah’s comforting words. “Her Warfare Done” is an excited anticipation of future peace. “And Every Valley” is the lyrical centerpiece of Canto I, but it ends on a dour note, considering that God’s future justice does not bring comfort but should worry us apart from Christ Jesus. Finally, “The Grass Turns Brown” is a further digression upon the eternal nature of God and fleeting flesh. This perplexing reflection is interrupted by the soprano who proclaims to the cities of Judah: behold your God! but the chorus rebuts with a “reality check,” scoffing at the idea that Judah’s wasted cities will see restoration and Canto I ends in a whimper of tragic desolation.

CONDUCTOR
Mark Reagan

MUSICIANS
Selena Tutino | bassoon
Martin King, Steven Randall | horn
David Turnbull, Calvin Pfund | trumpet
Tom Miller | timpani
Kathryn Fenstermacher | guest harpist
Diane Cook | guest violinist
Maria Rusu | guest violist
Alethea LeBrun, Jocelyn Meyer, Cole Tutino | cello
Vegas Harmon | double bass
Stuart Evans | organ

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Gabriel Gollehon | assistant to the music director
Jonah Grieser | rehearsal accompanist
Belphoebe Merkle | event coordinator
Joey Nance | graphic and program designer

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Grace & Peace: Proverbs 14:7

Douglas Wilson on August 3, 2021

At thy right hand there are pleasures for evermore (Ps. 16: 11)

Go from the presence of a foolish man, when thou perceivest not in him the lips of knowledge.

Proverbs 14:7

All sin is equally sinful, but not all sin is equally apparent. All folly is equally foolish, but not all folly is equally apparent. The Bible teaches us this plainly. 

“Some men’s sins are open beforehand, going before to judgment; and some men they follow after” (1 Tim. 5:24).

In this proverb, the one who would be wise is instructed to get out of the presence of a foolish man, just as soon as the folly becomes apparent. This assumes that the folly is not obvious from the start. Some who behave foolishly send off warning signals that enable others to avoid dealing with them entirely. It might be their bumper sticker or tee-shirt, or it might be something you heard them say at a Bible study. The subtext of whatever it was is “stay clear.”

But sometimes the danger that fools present is a danger with a long, slow fuse. There are some whose folly is not apparent until a particular kind of situation arises, or until you have been with them for a while. The instruction here is clear. As soon as you perceive that your acquaintance is not someone who speaks with the “lips of knowledge,” it is time to start preparing your exit.

Those who walk with the wise will be wise (Prov. 13:20), and those who consent to walk with fools have made the first fatal choice that will result in their descent into folly. That same proverb says that a companion of fools will be destroyed, which is kind of a strong way of putting it.

We are to love all men, whether they are wise or simple, godly or ungodly, friendly or hostile. We are under orders to love all men. But we are not to be friends or companions with fools. We are not to hang out with them. We may minister to them, we may witness to them. But if we settle in with them, the “evangelism” is running the other direction.  

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Grace & Peace: Proverbs 14:1

Douglas Wilson on July 28, 2021

At thy right hand there are pleasures for evermore (Ps. 16: 11)

Every wise woman buildeth her house: But the foolish plucketh it down with her hands.

Proverbs 14:1

We live in an era that does not want to acknowledge that women sin, and that when they sin, they sin in distinctively feminine ways. This is the teaching of Scripture, but we live in a time that does not want to admit this. It is also the case that when women are virtuous, they are virtuous in distinctively feminine ways. This is also the teaching of Scripture. But the secular androgynous imperative want us all to be bipedal carbon units.

But God created us, male and female, to reflect the image of God (Gen. 1:27). To throw everything into a blender, and to say that the resultant mess somehow represents “humanity” is the height of folly. It says here that foolish women tear down their houses with their own hands, and an acceptance of any kind of feminism is one of the ways this is done.

A wise woman has the grace to build her house. There really is something called “the woman’s touch.” Notice that is says that every wise woman knows how to do this. A woman who doesn’t know how to do this is, by definition, not a wise woman. Domesticity is an essential attribute of feminine wisdom. It is one of the glories of womanhood. 

And when a woman is foolish, she is abandoning her central glory, and consequently becomes a wrecking ball. When a woman accepts her calling before God, she can make the home a heaven on earth. When she rejects it, or twists her calling into something that serves her desires, she has the power to make the home a hell on earth. And both the glory that comes from a woman’s hands and the mayhem that comes from a woman’s hands share this distinctive feminine trait—that of being really powerful.   

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Grace & Peace: Proverbs 10:4

Douglas Wilson on July 20, 2021

At thy right hand there are pleasures for evermore (Ps. 16: 11)

He becometh poor that dealeth with a slack hand: But the hand of the diligent maketh rich.

Proverbs 10:4

This is a proverb that is proverbially true, and everybody knows it, and yet we live in a time where we somehow want to invert the meaning of the proverb, where we want to make the exception the rule. But laziness still leads to poverty, and diligence leads to wealth. A little sleep, a little slumber, and poverty is waiting for you just around the corner like an armed thug (Prov. 6:10). And I saw a poster once in a (very) industrious tire center which read, “Everything comes to him who hustles while he waits.”

We live in an envious age, which wants to assume that wealth is a zero sum game, meaning that there is a certain amount of available goods, like a pie on the table, and if the rich guy gets a big piece of pie, then that is the reason why the poor guy has such a thin piece. And, because there are thieves in the world, that sometimes happens. Sometimes someone makes off with your piece of pie (James 5:1-6). But there are many other times when the truth of this proverb is on display, front and center. The poverty of many has more to do with their own behavior than it has to do with a systemic anything. The same goes for the diligent.

A slack hand is not your friend, and an industrious hand is.

As noted earlier, this proverb is proverbially true, not universally true. In other words, sometimes a lazy man wins the lottery, thus learning all the wrong life lessons. Sometimes an industrious man is plagued with a series of mishaps. But, as a general rule, money follows the one who works for it. 

Because it is not universally true, there are exceptions. Because there are exceptions, those egalitarians who do not want to live in biblical wisdom seize on the exceptions and try to make them the rule. They find one man who is poor because of the injustice of his employer, and then they use that fact to erase the wisdom of Scripture, and what pretty much everybody’s grandma knows about that boy.   

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Grace & Peace: Proverbs 18:23

Douglas Wilson on July 14, 2021

At thy right hand there are pleasures for evermore (Ps. 16: 11)

The poor useth intreaties; But the rich answereth roughly (KJV).
The poor man uses entreaties, But the rich answers roughly (NKJV).

Proverbs 18:23

The poor man is in the natural position of a supplicant, and the rich man is in the natural position of one who bestows. Not surprisingly, these two places give rise to two very different temptations.

The poor man is in a place where he must ask for things. This by itself is not dishonorable, but the entreaties must be watched carefully so that they do not turn into a wheedling, or complaining, or flattering kind of speech. The asking must also not be considered as a substitute for actual willingness to work (2 Thess. 3:10).

The rich man’s temptation is to be brusque and no-nonsense. “No, of course not. I don’t have time for this. We are burning daylight. Just get a job, man.” 

Too often the poor expect the whole world to extend sympathy. Too often the rich refuse to extend any kind of reasonable sympathy at all. 

The poor man’s temptation is to look to the rich man for his deliverance. The rich man’s temptation is to the look to the rich man for his deliverance. In both cases, they are looking at the wrong source. And what this means is that the poor man is looking to some fallible “god” who is himself tempted to be ill-tempered, short, harsh, brusque, sharp, blunt, gruff, and tart. Who wants to offer up requests to a god like that?

The rich man is in a position to remember the poor, which he ought to do. He should do this so that God will remember him. 

“Blessed is he that considereth the poor: The Lord will deliver him in time of trouble” (Psalm 41:1)  

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