Introduction

 The God of all creation is, of necessity, the God of all history. It is not possible to separate the two, and any attempts to separate the two will only land us in chaos and confusion. God is God, and that is the end of it. This is how the early Christians thought and prayed, and this is something that we must learn from them.

 

The Text

“And being let go, they went to their own company, and reported all that the chief priests and elders had said unto them. And when they heard that, they lifted up their voice to God with one accord, and said, Lord, thou art God, which hast made heaven, and earth, and the sea, and all that in them is: Who by the mouth of thy servant David hast said, Why did the heathen rage, and the people imagine vain things? The kings of the earth stood up, and the rulers were gathered together against the Lord, and against his Christ. For of a truth against thy holy child Jesus, whom thou hast anointed, both Herod, and Pontius Pilate, with the Gentiles, and the people of Israel, were gathered together, For to do whatsoever thy hand and thy counsel determined before to be done . . .” (Acts 4:23–37).

 

Summary of the Text

So after they were threatened this way, Peter and John were released. They went back to their own people and reported everything (v. 23). When the believers heard this, they lifted up their voice to God (probably singing together) and glorified Him as the Creator of all (v. 24). The Creator is the one who spoke through David, saying “why did the heathen rage? the peoples imagine vanity? the kings resist? the rulers conspire?” (vv. 25-26; Ps. 2:1-2). How was that prophecy fulfilled? Against the anointed Lord Jesus, Herod, Pilate, the Gentiles, and the people of Israel had all conspired to do exactly what God had foreordained for them to do (vv. 27-28). And so, Lord, look at their threats and give your servants two things—boldness to preach, and power to heal in the name of Jesus (vv. 29-30). After they had prayed, the place was shaken, they were all filled with the Spirit, and they declared the Word with boldness (v. 31). The multitude of believers were of one heart and soul, and were not possessive; they held everything in common (v. 32). The apostles testified to the resurrection with great power, and great grace fell upon all of them (v. 33). No one lacked anything because those who had homes and lands sold them, and brought the money in (v. 34), and laid the money at the apostles’ feet so that distribution could be made to the needy (v 35). And Barnabas, who was well-named as a son of encouragement, a Levite from Cyprus, sold his land and brought the money in (v. 37).

Liquidating Assets in a Doomed City

Remember that the Spirit had been poured out when the population of Jerusalem was swollen with pilgrims due to the festival of Pentecost. No doubt many stayed over longer than they had budgeted for. Remember also that the gift of tongues was a harbinger of doom for the city, according to Isaiah, and that Jesus had predicted the destruction of the city. He had also predicted His own resurrection, and then He did it, which validated Him as the prophet Moses had predicted. He was the prophet that you must either believe or die.

We see here that the believers began selling both lands and houses (vv. 34-35), which was the obvious thing to do in the circumstances. This gave them the ability to establish a gigantic deacons’ fund, that would take care of everybody. This was mentioned earlier as well (Acts 2:44). We are introduced to Barnabas as someone who did this (vv. 36-37). As the story of Ananias and Sapphira in the next chapter revolves around this, we will discuss it more there.

Integrated Faith

The Jesus who predicted He would rise from the dead is the same Jesus who predicted that Jerusalem would be leveled. It is the same Jesus

The God who created the heavens and earth, and all in between is the God who inspired David to foretell the fact that the ruling elites would conspire against the Messiah. It is the same God.

We must repent of thinking in bits and pieces.

How They Got to the Conclusion

Any Christian who believes in creatio ex nihilo is a Calvinist in principle. And any Christian who does not believe in creation from nothing is . . . not really a Christian. Notice the reasoning of these early Christians: God created everything > God inspired David to predict what would happen > that is in fact what happened > which means that the enemies of God did exactly what He had foreordained to happen. The reality of creation is one of the premises.

The world is one screwed-up place, and who put it here? The Calvinist says He put it here this way on purpose. The Arminian says He put it here knowing what would happen if He did, which means that it was on purpose also, but with this last part whispered. The open theist says that He put it here knowing what might happen if He did so reckless, and so He closed His eyes with a gambler’s hope, and rolled the dice anyhow.

The Plainest of Statements

This point is made earlier in Acts as well. Jesus “being delivered by the determinate counsel and foreknowledge of God, ye have taken, and by wicked hands have crucified and slain” (Acts 2:23). Notice two elements—determinate purpose of God, first, and wicked hands of men second. There is no contradiction. God foreordains evil actions without being Himself evil, and without turning us into puppets without moral agency.

And here it is stated again, plainly, and with no varnish. Who crucified Jesus? Did Herod sin? Yes (Luke 23:11). Did Pilate sin? Yes (John 19:11). Did the Gentiles sin? Yes (Luke 23:34). Did the Jews sin? Yes (Matt. 27:25). Not mentioned here, but did Judas sin? Yes (John 17:12). And did God foreordain absolutely every last detail of this murder that laid the foundation for your salvation and mine? Amen—“Whatsoever thy hand and thy counsel determined before to be done” (v. 28).

The short form is that if God does not know how to wield sin and evil to His own good and holy purposes, then it follows that God does not know how to save the likes of us.

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INTRODUCTION

The foundation of the Christian church was the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ, and because His execution had been perpetrated by the authorities, this meant that Christianity was established in defiance of the established authorities. And once the Holy Spirit was poured out on the Lord’s disciples, this also meant that the Body of Christ took shape under exactly the same conditions.

 

THE TEXT

“And as they spake unto the people, the priests, and the captain of the temple, and the Sadducees, came upon them, being grieved that they taught the people, and preached through Jesus the resurrection from the dead. And they laid hands on them, and put them in hold unto the next day: for it was now eventide. Howbeit many of them which heard the word believed; and the number of the men was about five thousand . . .” (Acts 4:1–22).

 

SUMMARY OF THE TEXT

Peter was preaching, but apparently other apostles were there speaking as well (v. 1). As they were doing so, the Temple authorities arrived (v. 1). They were greatly displeased over the fact that the Christians were teaching the people, and over the fact that they were proclaiming the resurrection through Jesus (v. 2). They arrested them (Peter and John), and put them in custody because it was evening by this point (v. 3). Remember that the whole thing had started in the afternoon. In the meantime, the number of men who were believers was now around 5,000, meaning that the number of Christians has approximately tripled since Pentecost (v 4). The next morning the Temple elites assembled, meaning the rulers, elders, scribes, and the extended family of the high priest (vv. 5-6). Peter and John were set down in the middle of them and asked by what power or name this miracle had been done (v. 7). Peter was filled with the Spirit and addressed the rulers and elders, saying that if they were asking about the healing of this crippled man, the miracle had been done by the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth, whom they had crucified, and whom God had resurrected (vv. 8-10). Notice the charge of murder again.

Peter then changes the subject from the crippled man to Jesus. The stone that was rejected by the builders—meaning the men Peter was speaking to—has been made the cornerstone, in fulfillment of Psalm 118:22 (v. 11). Salvation is to be found nowhere else, meaning there is no other name under heaven by which men can be saved (v. 12). The elites could see that Peter and John were unpolished and uneducated, marking that they had been companions of Jesus (v. 13), and they marveled. The crippled man had been clinging to them the day before, and had also made a point of coming the next day to their trial. He was right there, and so the rulers could say nothing (v. 14). So they put Peter and John out of the room (v. 15), and conferred among themselves. They couldn’t deny the miracle, although the implication is that they would if they could (v. 16). The best plan they could come up with was to command Peter and John to shut up, which is what they then did (vv. 17-18). Peter and John replied that they did not accept these conditions, and invited their rulers to judge whether or not they should obey them, or obey God (vv. 19-20). At this the leaders blustered, but they really couldn’t do anything because everybody was glorifying God over the healing (v. 21). The healed man was over forty, and presumably had been begging at the Temple for a very long time (v. 22).

 

IF SOMEONE SHOULD COME BACK FROM THE DEAD

In vv. 5-6, we see that this corrupt operation was overseen by a very powerful crime family. Annas was the patriarch, and Caiaphas was his son-in-law, the one who had presided over the trial of Jesus. The Lord had been brought before Annas first (John 18), and then sent on to Caiaphas. It is worth noting that as part of this family Caiaphas had five brothers, who interestingly figure into this.

Right after the raising of Lazarus in John 11, the rulers convened a council in order to figure out what they should do with Jesus (John 11:47), and Caiaphas was there (John 11:49). Remember that Jesus had once told a parable about one Lazarus, the only parable that had a proper name in it (Luke 16:19ff). The antagonist in that parable is a rich man, one clothed in purple and fine linen—clothing that befits a high priest (Ex. 28:5). Moreover, this rich man down in Hades, when he is denied water, asks Abraham to send Lazarus to his father’s house, because he had five brothers. Abraham says that they all had Moses and the prophets. Let them hear them. The rich man says “no, but that they would repent if someone were to rise from the dead.” And Abraham replies that if they wouldn’t respond to the Scriptures, then they wouldn’t be persuaded if someone rose from the dead either. All of this was pointed and prophetic. Jesus raised a man named Lazarus from the dead, and they responded by wanting to kill the miracle worker (John 11:51), not to mention killing the miracle (John 12:9-11). Kill Jesus and kill Lazarus. And then Jesus rose from the dead, and that wasn’t good enough for them either.

 

THE REJECTED STONE

Not only did Scripture prophesy that Jesus would be the cornerstone, but also that He would be the cornerstone that the official builders rejected. That was an essential part of the story of our salvation. That verse (Psalm 118:22) is quoted in the New Testament is quoted five times (Matt. 21:42; Mark 12:10-11; Luke 20:17; Acts 4:11; 1 Pet. 2:7). It is a very big deal. This brings us back to Peter’s charge—whom you crucified.

 

NO OTHER NAME

A German historian named Ethelbert Stauffer recorded the fact that in the days of the Roman Empire, salvation was to be understood as the prerogative of Caesar. “Salvation is to be found in none other save Augustus, and there is no other name given to men in which they can be saved.” And this puts Peter’s proclamation in a bold new light. Not only did his message collide with the local rulers there in Judea, but Peter was also throwing down a challenge to the entire Roman world. “Neither is there salvation in any other: for there is none other name under heaven given among men, whereby we must be saved.” We may also take it as something of a thesis statement for the entire book of Acts. Take for example the anecdote from Acts 9:33-35, where Peter heals a man with palsy—a man named Aeneas. That would be (for us) as though Peter had healed a man named George Washington.

It is not possible to preach the kingdom of God without preaching the name of His anointed Prince, who is the Lord Jesus Christ. This is the fundamental Christian confession, which is that Jesus is Lord. It follows that Caesar never is, however much he wants it.

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INTRODUCTION

 Faith in the power of Christ is not the same thing as faith in the power of faith. In this passage, Peter says explicitly that it was not through their own power or holiness that this remarkable healing was accomplished. Rather it was the power of the risen Christ who did it, using Peter and John as His instrument.

THE TEXT

“Now Peter and John went up together into the temple at the hour of prayer, being the ninth hour. And a certain man lame from his mother’s womb was carried, whom they laid daily at the gate of the temple which is called Beautiful, to ask alms of them that entered into the temple; Who seeing Peter and John about to go into the temple asked an alms. And Peter, fastening his eyes upon him with John, said, Look on us. And he gave heed unto them, expecting to receive something of them . . . But those things, which God before had shewed by the mouth of all his prophets, that Christ should suffer, he hath so fulfilled.” (Acts 3:1–18).

SUMMARY OF THE TEXT

 Peter and John were going up to the Temple at “the hour of prayer,” which was 3 pm (v. 1). There was a beggar there, lame from birth, who would be carried to the gate that was called Beautiful in order to beg (v. 2). For various reasons, which gate this was is uncertain. He saw Peter and John about to enter, and asked them for alms (v. 3). Peter looked at him directly, together with John, and told him to look at them (v. 4). The man did so, expecting to be given some money (v. 5). Peter made his famous statement, “silver and gold have I none,” and commanded him to rise and walk in the name of Jesus Christ of Nazareth (v. 6). He took him by the right hand and lifted him up, when he was immediately healed (v. 7). The man jumped up, and went into the Temple with them, walking, leaping, and praising God (v. 8). Everybody saw him (v. 9). They all knew who it was, and so they were stupefied (v. 10). The healed man was hanging on to Peter and John, and everybody gathered in Solomon’s portico, filled with amazement (v. 11). Solomon’s portico was a long colonnade along the eastern side of the Temple complex. Peter saw their wonder, and asked them why they were so amazed. It was not as though they did this thing through their own power or holiness (v. 12). He comes right to the convicting point. The God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, the “God of our fathers,” has glorified His Son Jesus—the one you all delivered up (v. 13). You denied Him before Pilate, when Pilate wanted to release Him (v. 13). But you people denied the Holy and Just One, and demanded that a murderer be released instead (v. 14). So Barabbas went free, and you people killed the Prince of Life—the one that God raised from the dead, as the apostles can witness (v. 15). It is the name of Christ and faith in the name of Christ that restored this cripple, a lame man that all of you recognize (v. 16). Peter acknowledges that their crime was done in ignorance, as also done in ignorance by their rulers (v. 17). But all the things that all the prophets had said would happen in the suffering of the Christ had in fact happened (v. 18).

SILVER AND GOLD

One legend had it that Thomas Aquinas was once talking with the pope, who was counting out a large sum of money. The pope said, “You see, Thomas, the church can no longer say, ‘Silver and gold have I none.’ Thomas replied, ‘That is true, holy father, but neither can she still say, ‘Arise and walk.’’” So just remember that it is extremely difficult to keep money from doing what money always does.

FAITH AND THE FAITHFULNESS OF THE OBJECT

The miracle was accomplished by the name of Christ and by faith in the name of Christ. This was the faith of Peter and John, not the cripple, because the healing of the lame man overtook him from behind. He was expecting something else entirely. Faith needs to be understood as the natural response to the perceived faithfulness of God (Heb. 11:11). By faith Sarah “considered him faithful.” When God is understood to be faithful, that understanding is what faith is. Faith has no power or virtue in itself to suspend itself in mid-air. Faith in faith is impotent and empty. Always look away.

You all believe your chairs will continue to hold you, but it is the chair that is doing the holding, not your faith. You all believe that the roof is not going to fall in, but it is the steel beams that hold the roof up, not your faith. You have all seen those early reels of inventors, pre-Wright brothers, jumping off of bridges with Batman wings. How much faith did they have, and did it keep them from crashing? And you all know about nervous passengers on a jet, terrified at every moment, and yet their fear doesn’t make the plane crash. If you have faith the size of a mustard seed (Matt. 17:20), placed in the right object, then mountains move.

WHOM YOU CRUCIFIED

This is the second random crowd of Jerusalem inhabitants that Peter accuses of murder. He did it twice with the people who assembled at random in response to the gift of tongues (Acts 2:23, 36), and he does it four times here. A random crowd at the Temple gathered in response to a lame man being healed, and Peter charges them with murder multiple times (Acts 3:13,14,15,17). He wants them to know that Christ is the one who healed this man, of course, but he wants them to know that it was the same Christ that they had delivered over to death just a few months before.

Peter allows that they did it in ignorance, just as their rulers did it in ignorance (Acts 3:17). This accords with what Jesus said from the cross—”they know not what they do” (Luke 23:34). The obstinacy and high rebellion really begin at the resurrection. When the rulers obtained a guard for the grave, they were not trying to prevent the resurrection.

So these events, the death, burial and resurrection of Christ, constituted the condemnation of Jerusalem, that bloody city. These same events were also salvation, if the people repented and believed, from the consequences of this awful murder. This was their crime, and it was also their salvation.

And the same application can be made for each of us. It was our sin that put Christ on the cross, and Christ on the cross is our deliverance from our sin. So when you look at the cross, you should see your crime. And when you look at the cross you should see your salvation. Only faith can see both. Both what? The impaled bronze serpent (John 3:14) and the Prince of Life (Acts 3:15) are both there.

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