The Hatred of God (Psalms | King’s Cross) (King’s Cross)

INTRODUCTION

In a world of sin and tragedy, evil men and corrupt leaders, it is easy for God’s people to be tempted to panic, to give in to anxiety or anger, to lash out in desperation. But Christians are to be marked by faith that knows God is righteous, God is for us, and He hears us.

The Text: “To the chief musician on Neginoth, a psalm of David: Hear me when I call, O God of my righteousness…” (Ps. 4:1-8)

SUMMARY OF THE TEXT

This psalm is part of a collection for the “chief musician,” and this one is to be played on stringed instruments and is a psalm of David. Psalm 4 has a number of similarities to the previous psalm and may come from the same time period (fleeing from Absalom) or may be from another time like when he was on the run from Saul.

David asks God to hear him, and he addresses God as “the God of my righteousness,” which is explained by the fact that God has often answered David’s prayers to deliver him from the narrowest troubles (Ps. 4:1). God is righteous, and God has proven it in the past. And David knows that this is pure mercy (Ps. 4:1).

David addresses his enemies directly in this prayer, asking how long they will slander him with lies, and the psalm pauses to meditate on how empty it all is (Ps. 4:2). Worship is not a private religious gathering; it is in the presence of our enemies (Ps. 23:5). David insists that God has chosen him and will therefore answer him (Ps. 4:3). He says his enemies should stop their lying babble for a minute, tremble before God, stop their sinning, and mediate for a moment in silence (Ps. 4:4). If they did that honestly, it would drive them to repent and be cleansed by sacrifice and put their trust in God (Ps. 4:5).

Finally, David contrasts two different kinds of joy: many are carnal and worldly and look for happiness entirely in material goods (wealth, houses, cars, wine), but David says he has more joy in the smile of God than all of that (Ps. 4:6-7). And like Psalm 3, David says this gives him a kind of peace that allows him to lay down and enjoy deep and restful sleep (Ps. 4:8).

GOD OF MY RIGHTEOUSNESS

The doctrine of justification by faith alone means that God is our righteousness, our justice, and our vindication. “Who shall lay anything to the charge of God’s elect? It is God that justifies” (Rom. 8:33). This means that God declares sinners righteous for the sake of Christ. While it is painful to be falsely accused, it is not fatal for Christians because we stand before God and the world in the righteousness of Christ (Rom. 3:22, Phil. 3:9). He is our judge, our witness, and our jury. But if the attacks and opinions of men constantly shake you, are you justified before God? To be justified is to be assured that nothing can separate you from God (Rom. 8:33-39). “If God be for us, who can be against us? He that spared not His own Son, but delivered Him up for us all, how shall He not with Him also freely give us all things?” (Rom. 8:31-32). Faith is the gift that rests in that strong tower.

SET APART

David once again appeals to God’s promise to him and his house, that his throne will be established forever (cf. 2 Sam. 7). This was a particular promise to David, fulfilled in Jesus Christ, and therefore it has a specific application to those who are in Christ: “According as He hath chosen us in Him [Christ] before the foundation of the world, that we should be holy and without blame before Him in love: having predestined us unto the adoption of children by Jesus Christ to Himself, according to the good pleasure of His will” (Eph. 1:4-5).

The doctrine of election means all Christians can pray Psalm 4 with the same confidence: “The Lord hath set [me] apart for Himself: the Lord will hear when I call.” Charles Spurgeon said, “Since He chose to love us he cannot but choose to hear us.” Faith knows that God hears.

BETTER THAN WINE

We can consider the next couple of sections together: When the godly tremble before God and quiet their hearts on their beds, they have great peace and joy in the pleasure of God – more than all earthly comforts (Ps. 4:4, 6-7). They can see their sin and repent through the final sacrifice of Christ, and the joy and peace of salvation flood their hearts (Ps. 4:5, 7).

But those who do not know God cannot stand silence. They refuse to tremble before God and stop their sinning. They cannot sleep unless they have done some mischief, unless they have caused someone to fall (Prov. 4:16). Their only happiness is the temporary buzz of paychecks and wine (Ps. 4:7). But the light of God’s countenance on His chosen people (in spite of our sin) – His favor, His love, His smile – lightens every moment. Thomas Watson says, “There is as much difference between heavenly comforts and earthly, as between a banquet that is eaten, and one that is painted on the wall.”

CONCLUSION: THE CHRISTIAN’S GOODNIGHT

God justifies the ungodly. God is perfectly righteous, and by the sacrifice of Christ, the ungodly are made righteous. When you tremble before God and are silent before Him, you know your sin, your failures, but God is the One who hears those who cry out for His righteousness. And His righteousness become our righteousness.

There are only two kinds of people in this world: those who trust in their own righteousness and those who trust in the righteousness of Christ. Those who trust in their own righteousness are trying to justify themselves.

They must constantly try to protect themselves, defend themselves, and prove themselves, and so they’re constantly exhausted and miserable. But faith in Christ knows that God hears and so it sleeps soundly in the face of every accusation.

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INTRODUCTION

Psalm 2 contrasts the conspiracies of the nations with God’s sure word, but Psalm 3 brings this home. What about when the conspiracy is in part a judgment for sin? What about when you have brought some of the calamity upon yourself? What about when the raging is in your own home?

This psalm proclaims that even for horrific, grotesque sinners, there is a way to have a peace that passes all understanding. There is a way to sleep in the midst of the storm.

The Text: “A Psalm of David, when he fled from Absalom his son. LORD, how are they increased that trouble me! many are they that rise up against me…” (Ps. 3:1-8).

SUMMARY OF THE TEXT

This psalm has an inscription or superscript which tells us that David wrote this prayer when he fled from his son Absalom’s attempted coup, and David cried out in desperation about the many who had betrayed him and

conspired against him (Ps. 3:1). The particular taunt that pierces his soul is that there is no way out of this trouble, perhaps in part because of sheer numbers and perhaps in part because it is judgment for David’s sin (Ps. 3:2). After meditating on this pain, David turns to the Lord in faith and declares that God is his shield, his glory, and the lifter of his head (Ps. 3:3). David declares that he cried out to the Lord, and the Lord heard his cries (Ps. 3:4). The king pauses here once more before singing that when had done this, he was able to lay down and sleep, and he awoke more assured of God’s protection, even from thousands surrounding him (Ps. 3:5-6). The psalm ends with a plea for God to arise and save him, and David concludes that his enemies are as good as struck down because God saves and blesses His people (Ps. 3:7-8).

SUPERSCRIPTS & SELAHS

This is the first psalm we have come across that has two stylistic elements that are almost entirely unique to the Book of Psalms: superscripts and selahs. The superscript is the title or inscription that is listed above this psalm and 82 others. Sometimes these titles are dedications or ascriptions of authorship (“of/for David”), sometimes they include musical instructions (“for the choir director”), and sometimes (as here) they include an historical setting or details. These titles come with the oldest manuscripts we have, and therefore, we have every reason to accept them as an inspired part of Scripture.

“Selah” shows up three times in this psalm and is also part of the Scripture text, but its exact meaning is somewhat unclear. The word seems to be related the Hebrew word for “lift up” or “hang up,” and may be a poetic or musical term meant to indicate emphasis. That emphasis may have been made with a moment of silence or a musical interlude to meditate on the preceding material. This is why we have incorporated this word into our liturgy in the prayer of confession, where the minister pauses for the congregation to confess any particular individual sins.

WHEN ABSALOM CONSPIRED

The context of this psalm is one of the most intense moments of David’s reign: the conspiracy of Absalom found in 2 Samuel 15. Absalom may have been somewhat motivated by the rape of his sister, Tamar, as well as his father’s treatment following that, but the whole thing was foretold in the aftermath of David’s adultery with Bathsheba and murder of her husband, Uriah, in 2 Samuel 12. “I will raise up evil against thee out of thine own house, and I will take thy wives before thine eyes, and give them unto thy neighbor, and he shall lie with thy wives in the sight of this sun. For thou didst it secretly: but I will do this thing before all Israel, and before the sun” (2 Sam. 12:11-12). When Absalom entered Jerusalem, this is what he did (2 Sam. 16:20-21).

The conspiracy included most of the tribes of Israel, key military leaders, as well as Ahithophel, David’s chief counselor, and David was forced to flee Jerusalem to escape with his life. And all the people who accompanied David wept as they left the city and crossed the Brook Kidron (2 Sam. 15:23). This was a massive political calamity and embarrassment, but it struck much deeper than that: it was David’s own son leading the treachery. And after the great battle in the woods, when Absalom was killed and his army routed, David’s grief was profound (2 Sam. 18:33) – this is what cut to David’s soul (Ps. 3:2).

God’s people are not immune to these kinds of heartbreak, and we are commanded to cast our cares upon God in the same way, crying out to Him in our time of need (1 Pet. 5:7). And notice that David is crying out for help and deliverance even though his own sin brought this calamity upon him.

DAVID’S PEACE

Having poured his heart out to God, David turns to God. In the midst of our grief and heartache, it is important that we do this too. This is not a vague, sentimental turning. David acknowledges that God is his shield, his glory, and the lifter of his head. These three things are not just poetry; they are actually essential theology. God is our shield in that He is absolutely sovereign: nothing can touch us without His permission. But His sovereignty is also perfectly loving: He will not allow anything to touch us that is not for our ultimate good. And finally, even though He is free to use the consequences of our sin as His fatherly discipline, His discipline is just

and He shields us from those who might take advantage of our weakened position.

Secondly, David acknowledges that God is his glory. In this context, this is not likely a generic reference, but a specific reference to his kingly glory and majesty. David has been humiliated, but he confesses that God’s majesty is sufficient for him. The glory of God sustains David. In another psalm it says, “I had rather be a doorkeeper in the house of my God, than dwell in tents of wickedness” (Ps. 84:10). The glory of God far outweighs our shame.

Finally, “lifter of my head” surely refers to the restoration of David to the throne. David knows that if God has promised him an enduring dynasty (and He has) then God must have a plan for restoring him to that throne. “Humble yourselves in the sight of the Lord, and He shall lift you up” (Js. 4:10).

CONCLUSION

Having acknowledged God to be his shield, his glory, and the lifter of his head, David knows that God has heard him, and he goes to bed. But given the circumstances, this is remarkable. What David is experiencing is a peace that defies all human explanation – the kind of peace that guards our hearts and minds from even the threats of thousands of enemies (Phil. 4:7).

The center of this peace is knowing David’s greater Son, Jesus Christ, who was willingly betrayed by one of His disciple-sons, and when He had gone out of Jerusalem and crossed the Brook Kidron in great sorrow (Jn. 18:1), He was shamefully arrested, beaten, and crucified to bear our sins. The only perfect King endured the humiliation for our treason, in order to be our shield, our glory, and the lifter of our heads.

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INTRODUCTION

Psalm 2 is often taken as part of the introduction to the whole psalter along with Psalm 1, or perhaps the introduction to Book 1 of the psalter (Ps. 1-41). It reinforces the fundamental antithesis of Psalm 1 by contrasting the happy rule of God and His Son with the kings and nations that rage and plot against Him.

One important element of rightly interpreting this psalm is understanding it both as talking about David’s own dynasty as well as a prophecy of Jesus Christ’s reign. Reading Psalm 2 in light of David’s circumstances helps us rightly apply this psalm to our circumstances in Christ.

The Text: “Why do the heathen rage, and the people imagine a vain thing? The kings of the earth set themselves, and the rulers take counsel together, against the LORD, and against his anointed…” (Ps. 2:1-12).

SUMMARY OF THE TEXT

The psalm begins by asking why the nations rage and plot in vain against the Lord and His anointed (“Messiah”) king (Ps. 2:1-3). The King of Heaven sits in Heaven unbothered, unworried, and He laughs at their pitiful attempts to break His Word and the way He has made and governed the world – God’s Word and ways are like shackles to the rebellious heart (Ps. 2:4-5). God insists that His Word is firm and sure: the king is His son, and He will reign over all the earth, destroying those who rebel (Ps. 2:6-9). The psalm closes by warning the rulers of the earth to serve the Lord and kiss His son or suffer His wrath (Ps. 2:10-12). And like Psalm 1, happy is everyone who trusts in the Son (Ps. 2:12).

DAVID’S FAITH

At first glance, this psalm seems audacious, perhaps even arrogant. David is God’s anointed king (after Saul), and David says that all the plotting and raging of the nations is against God and him (Ps. 2:1-2). Who does David think he is? It may be tempting to run immediately to Christ. But in 2 Samuel 7, God sent a message to David and promised to make David’s son His own son and establish his throne forever (2 Sam. 7:14-16). This is the background of Psalm 2 (cf. Heb. 1:5). David therefore knows that all the plotting against him and his dynasty will fail because God has promised to establish his throne forever. Who does David think he is? Well, nobody, except for what God has said. And this is our position as well. What gives us the right to say that every knee must bow to Jesus Christ? The Word of God. What gives us the right to say that the United States, Russia, China, and all the nations of the earth must submit all of their laws to Jesus Christ? The Word of God. What gives us the right to say that marriage is one man and one woman in covenant under God? The Word of God. Why do they rage and plot against us? Because we have God’s Word.

PLOTS & CONSPIRACIES

The Bible is clear that those who reject God and His Christ hate God and His ways, and they therefore plot to overthrow His ways. Christians (of all people) must not be surprised by this. This goes back to the Garden of Eden, and the enmity between the seed of the serpent and the seed of the woman (Gen. 3:15). Of course they rarely admit that their war is with God. Instead, they array themselves against many proxy-enemies: capitalists, conservatives, white people, black people, men, the patriarchy, the Jews, China, etc. The wicked really are hateful and full of hate and will hate almost anything (Tit. 1:3), but it must always be remembered that their true enemy is God and His people. The wicked really do conspire but there is a real temptation to absolutize their conspiracies, and Scripture says not to call a conspiracy everything they call a conspiracy (Is. 8:12). We are not to fear what they fear, which (having denied God) is fundamentally the power of man; we are to fear the Lord.

This same psalm is cited by the apostles to explain the conspiracy to murder Jesus, but even that was utterly worthless since it was only “whatsoever thy hand and thy counsel determined before to be done” (Acts 4:24-31). How much more all their lesser attempts to foil God’s Kingdom?

HOLY LAUGHTER

This psalm along with several others says that God laughs at the foolish plots of the wicked (Ps. 2:4). The Lord laughs at the wicked because He sees their judgment coming (Ps. 37:13, 59:8). Wisdom, a personification of

God’s eternal counsel, laughs at the calamity of the wicked when they have refused to listen (Prov. 1:26). And the Bible also teaches that the righteous are to imitate this holy laughter: When God destroys the wicked, “the righteous also shall see, and fear, and shall laugh at him” (Ps. 52:6). There is a kind of unbelieving scorn and bitter sarcasm that is not at all fitting for believers, but there is a faithful, joyful laughter in the sovereign salvation of God and in the weakness and folly of man.

Calvin says that this psalm teaches that when God does not act immediately to destroy the wicked it’s because he is letting their rage be exposed for everyone to laugh at and that we ought to be assured that now is “his time of laughter.” Christians should be marked by this confident merriment.

CONCLUSION: KISS THE SON

The New Testament repeatedly appeals to this Psalm and says that Christ was “begotten” at the resurrection (Acts 13:33, Heb. 5:5). “Concerning his Son Jesus Christ our Lord, which was made of the seed of David according to the flesh; and declared to be the Son of God with power, according to the spirit of holiness, by the resurrection of the dead” (Rom. 1:3).

The implication is clear: if Jesus Christ is the Son of David whom God has enthroned as King, then Christ has inherited all of the nations as His rightful possession (Ps. 2:8). At the resurrection and ascension, all power and authority really was truly transferred to Christ (Mt. 28:18), who was raised, “far above all principality, and power, and might, and dominion, and every name that is named” (Eph. 1:21, cf. Phil. 2:10-11). He rules the nations with a rod of iron (Rev. 2:27, 12:5, 19:15).

All nations are already Christian in principle, in so far as they have become Christ’s inheritance, Who purchased them with His blood (cf. Rev. 5:9). All nations and their rulers therefore owe Christ their public allegiance and obedience or else He will destroy them (Ps. 2:9-11). Secularism is a refusal to kiss the Son, and of course so is Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, and all the others. It’s Christ or chaos: happiness or raging (Ps. 2:1,12). Happy is that nation whose God is the Lord (Ps. 33:12).

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INTRODUCTION

This psalm introduces the entire psalter and establishes one of the central themes: those who seek God are happy but those who reject Him will fade away. As the old hymn puts it: “Fading is the worldling’s pleasure// All his boasted pomp and show// Solid joys and lasting treasure// None by Zion’s children know.”

The Text: “Blessed is the man that walketh not in the counsel of the ungodly, nor standeth in the way of sinners, nor sitteth in the seat of the scornful…” (Ps. 1:1-6)

SUMMARY OF THE TEXT

The word here for “blessed” means “happy,” and the Psalmist says that the man is happy who does not walk, stand, or sit with those who do not seek God (Ps. 1:1). Instead, that happy man’s deepest pleasure is in the whole Word of God, and it’s in his mouth day and night, which makes him like a fruitful and prosperous tree in every season (Ps. 1:2-3).

The wicked are like chaff driven by the wind, and therefore, they will not stand in the judgment or sit with the congregation of the righteous (Ps. 1:4-5). Regardless of appearances, God knows the way of the righteous, but the way of the wicked will be destroyed (Ps. 1:6).

THE ANTITHESIS

From the beginning of the world, God has established an antithesis between the seed of the woman and the seed of the serpent (Gen. 3:15). This great war began when sin entered the world, and it will continue until

the end of the world. It is a battle line that runs through every human heart, but it is also a battle line that runs through history between those who seek the Lord and those who reject Him.

But the serpent and his seed have always wanted to blur the lines of the conflict, appearing as an “angel of light” and false teachers (2 Cor. 11:13-14), wolves in sheep’s clothing (Mt. 7:15). But what fellowship does righteousness have with unrighteousness (2 Cor. 6:14ff)? Christians must be determined not to fit in with worldliness (music, movies, fashion, politics). We have been called out and rescued from the world.

The Psalm outlines a progression of compromise: walking, standing, sitting, which runs roughly parallel to secret faults, presumptuous sins, and great transgressions (Ps. 19:12-13). People do not decide to ruin their lives out of nowhere. Big weeds grow from little ones. Do you not know that friendship with the world is enmity with God (Js. 4:4)? The cloying reply comes back: What about Jesus the friend of tax collectors and prostitutes? Yes, a true friend is seeking to rescue those who are drowning in their sin, but the kind of “friendship” many are demanding is to let them drown (and if you’re really their friend, you’ll let them pull you down with them).

We are not “friends” with the world and its cheap baubles and petty influencers because as Calvin says, the happy man of this Psalm is the one who not only studies the Word of God but finds it delicious.

WHO IS REALLY HAVING FUN?

The problem is that many Christians secretly (or not so secretly) think that unbelievers are having more fun. And this is where the fundamental question divides: is happiness found in the Triune God or is He not necessary?

Many unbelievers appear to be happy. But this Psalm says they are not really. Scripture teaches that they are miserable. They are miserable because they have sinned against God and their fellow man and cannot get rid of the awful weight of guilt and shame (Ps. 32). They are miserable because they are living lies: denying that they know there is a God when He is obviously right in front of them every day (Rom. 1). They are also miserable because they are trying to live in God’s world according to their own wisdom, but the way of transgressors is hard (Prov. 13:15). You keep doing it your own way, but how’s that working out for you?

But in God’s presence is fullness of joy and at His right hand are pleasures forever more (Ps. 16:11). And Who is at God’s right hand? The Lord Jesus. Jesus is the fullness of God’s joy and pleasures. And Jesus promises a joy to those who follow Him that no one can take away (Jn. 16:22). The center of this joy is the forgiveness of our sins, and the complete confidence we have to stand before God in the righteousness of Jesus Christ (plus all His gifts).

BUT WHAT ABOUT EVIL?

This Psalm says that those who turn away from the paths of evil men and seek the Lord will be happy and fruitful, but it does not always seem that way. Job was struck by the Lord. Jacob and David were persecuted. The apostles were rejected and hated. And many Christians have suffered from the effects of the Fall: disease, pain, loneliness, and many hardships. And on the flip side, many of the wicked do seem to be prospering, healthy, and wealthy.

Some Christians ignore the problem of evil and simply insist that you need more faith and then you will be more prosperous. We call this lie the “prosperity gospel.” The problem with this is that Jesus had perfect faith, and He was rejected and killed. Others shy away from the plain meaning of this Psalm: that the godly will tend to prosper in this world – and they spiritualize the whole thing. We can only expect spiritual prosperity and Heaven in the end.

But we need to hold the entire Bible together and embrace the whole message. We insist that the history of the world will vindicate the righteous. In general, those who seek God will prosper more than those who don’t. Wisdom will be justified by her children. At the same time, God is not merely interested in our physical prosperity. He disciplines us so that we might share in His holiness (Heb. 12:5-11). In many places, Scripture teaches that God has determined to do this through hardships: “Count it all joy, my brothers, when you meet trials of various kinds, for you know that the testing of your faith produces steadfastness. And let steadfastness have its full effect, that you may be perfect and complete, lacking in nothing” (Js. 1:2-4 ESV). Holiness is a deeper happiness and more fruitful than mere material circumstances. What if you could run and not get tired?

CONCLUSION

Nietzsche mocked Christianity for what he called “slave morality,” accusing Christians of apathy, submitting to hardships and calling it “good.” But Nietzsche finished his days in an insane asylum, and according to legend, with his sister selling tickets to see him, and so are many of his cultural descendants in our day, destroying themselves with their “strong” delusions.

But we confess that Christ is the Happiest Man to ever live. He delighted in the Word of God day and night, and He was (and is) fruitful in every way. For this, they called Him insane and demon possessed, but after they killed Him, He came back from the dead and He has the fullness of life forever. And everyone who loves Him is given His happiness. Who is really having the most fun? The Lord Jesus Christ and those who follow Him.And it’s not even close.

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