INTRODUCTION

Here is the record of the challenges Paul faced planting the Corinthian church to which Paul wrote at least two letters which now make up the New Testament. This also appears to be one of the longer stints Paul spent in his mission, and given what we read here and in First and Second Corinthians, it appears that it was particularly difficult. Yet, at the center of this text is the Lord Jesus assuring Paul that He is with him, protecting him, and taking dominion. That same Risen Jesus is still with us today. 

The Text: “After these things Paul departed from Athens, and came to Corinth; and found a certain Jew named Aquila, born in Pontus, lately come from Italy, with his wife Priscilla…” (Acts 18:1-17).

SUMMARY OF THE TEXT

Paul’s next stop was in Corinth, about 50 miles west of Athens, a two day journey on foot or depending on sailing winds, half a day by sea (Acts 18:1). There, he met Aquila and Priscilla, fellow tent-making Jews, recently expelled from Rome by Caesar Claudius, giving us a timestamp of around 52 A.D. (Acts 18:2-3). 

As usual, Paul begins teaching in the synagogue on the sabbaths, teaching both Jews and Greeks, until the Jews become obstinate and Paul leaves (Acts 18:4-6). He begins preaching and teaching in the house of Justus next door to the synagogue, and before long, the ruler of the synagogue is converted along with many others (Acts 18:7-9). 

Around that time, Paul received encouragement from the Lord to keep preaching, and he remained for at least a year and a half, until the Jews brought charges against Paul before Gallio (Acts 18:10-13). However, Gallio rejected the charges, and apparently a bunch of the Greeks took matters into their own hands, while Gallio played the politician (Acts 18:14-17).  

WORD FROM ROME

We don’t know when the gospel first reached Rome or when Paul first got word of the Christians there, but by this point Paul was apprised by Aquilla and Priscilla, who appear to be early missionaries to Rome/Italy. We have two extra biblical sources (Seutonius and Tacitus) that record this expulsion of the Jews from Rome (~51-52 A.D.) over the tumult caused by a Jewish man named “Chrestus,” almost certainly a misspelling of “Christ.” The trouble that Paul faced in many of the cities he preached was the same in other places.

CONSTRAINED SPIRIT

When Silas and Timothy arrived from Macedonia (Thessalonica), Paul “constrained his spirit” or was “constrained by the Spirit” to preach the gospel. Some translations have “word” instead of “spirit,” but the overall point is that at this point he fully occupied himself with the ministry and less tentmaking. This may imply that Silas and Timothy worked or brought provisions allowing Paul to devote himself to that ministry continuously. This was important because the opposition was fierce, and as usual, there came a breaking point with many of the Jews, and Paul took his ministry to the house of Justus. As he does so, Paul cites God’s instructions to Ezekiel, saying, “your blood be upon your own heads” (Acts 18:6). God set Ezekiel as a “watchman” to warn Israel in captivity of their evil ways; if Ezekiel warned them, then their blood was on their own heads, but if he failed to warn them, God promised to require their blood of Ezekiel (Ez. 3:18-21, 33:1-9).  

JESUS RULING IN CORINTH

Even in the midst of this division and controversy, the ruler of the synagogue and others became Christians (Acts 18:8). But that was likely to fuel even more trouble, and we are sometimes tempted to be satisfied with small victories. So the Lord encouraged Paul to keep preaching (Acts 18:9-10), assuring him not to fear and not to quiet down, promising to be with him, protect him, and insisting that there were still many in Corinth that belong to Him (Acts 18:10). Part of this promise is fulfilled by how Gallio dismissed the charges brough against Paul by the Jews, potentially giving Christians a significant legal precedent (Acts 18:14-16), even though it becomes clear that Gallio is likely just being a politician (Acts 18:17). 

APPLICATIONS

When Jesus ascended into Heaven, He promised to be with us always, even to the end of the world (Mt. 28:20). But He is not just with us vaguely or generally, He promises to be with His people in particular places. And this promise cannot be disconnected from His authority. He is able to be with us because all authority in Heaven and on Earth was given to Him. But how did He get that authority? By His death and resurrection. He purchased the Church with His blood (Acts 20:28, cf. 1 Cor. 6), and by His resurrection inherited all the nations of the world (Ps. 2:7-12).

Therefore, the Lord Jesus encouraged Paul both with the promise that He would be with him to protect him and the insistence that many people in Corinth were His. And the one promise was for the sake of the other. Christ was with Paul so that His people in Corinth might repent and believe. And this is still true today. For all who know Christ, He promises to be with you in every circumstance, protecting you, and all for the sake of the mission.  

Our job is to be content with obedience. “Let your conversation be without covetousness; and be content with such things as ye have: for he hath saith, I will never leave thee, nor forsake thee” (Heb. 13:5). Ministers and teachers must be faithful to the Word no matter what, faithful watchmen warning our cities, content with whatever comes, and all Christians must trust Christ and obey Him, resting in His sovereign care.   

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